Majid Afshani, Chair of the International Department at the GPTT, discusses the emerging role of non-state actors in global diplomacy, particularly in the context of the Fourteenth Administration in Iran. With the rise of global issues such as pandemics, migration, climate change, and terrorism, alongside the increasing influence of technology and communication, the traditional power of governments in diplomacy has diminished, making room for new players like elites and non-state organizations.

Afshani emphasizes that in today’s rapidly changing world, elites and non-state organizations can significantly impact global values and standards by actively participating in international diplomacy. This participation often takes the form of think tanks and research centers that engage experts from universities and non-state organizations to influence policy-making in security and foreign affairs. Think tanks play a crucial role in enhancing public understanding of diplomatic and security issues, generating ideas for policy, and creating global networks of elites.

In contemporary Iran, elite diplomacy has been pursued by individuals or some legal entities with and without government planning. In today’s complex world, the foreign ministry, regardless of its efforts to restrict other players from entering the diplomatic arena, has no choice but to support non-state actors. Failing to do so could lead to self-imposed sanctions, depriving the ministry of essential tools in modern diplomacy, while increasing costs and reducing efficiency. The proposed Foreign Minister in Iran’s Fourteenth Administration has emphasized the importance of elite diplomacy in his policy program.

Afshani concludes by pointing out that Deputy Foreign Minister, Abbas Araghchi, understands the importance of elite diplomacy. However, it remains to be seen whether he can rally the country’s oldest bureaucratic institution to embrace this new approach to diplomacy.